,
Shafiuddin Ahmed [ctb]| Title: | Spectral Data for Light-Emitting-Diodes |
|---|---|
| Description: | Spectral emission data for some frequently used light emitting diodes available as electronic components. Part of the 'r4photobiology' suite, Aphalo P. J. (2015) <doi:10.19232/uv4pb.2015.1.14>. |
| Authors: | Pedro J. Aphalo [aut, cre] ,
Shafiuddin Ahmed [ctb] |
| Maintainer: | Pedro J. Aphalo <[email protected]> |
| License: | GPL (>= 2) |
| Version: | 0.5.2.9000 |
| Built: | 2024-11-30 02:58:38 UTC |
| Source: | https://github.com/aphalo/photobiologyLEDs |
Spectral emission data for some frequently used light emitting diodes available as electronic components. Part of the 'r4photobiology' suite, Aphalo P. J. (2015) doi:10.19232/uv4pb.2015.1.14.
Data for emission spectra of different types of LEDs and LED arrays.
The package contains one main collection of spectra for different LEDs
available as electronic components through hole (th), surface mount devices
(SMD) and chip-on-board (COB) packages with no built-in driver circuitry to
limit the current, leds.mspct. Data for LED bulbs and LED
luminaires/lamps are included in package
photobiologyLamps-package. Two smaller
collections, provide spectra for a COB LED driven with varying current or
constant-current (CC) dimming, COB_dimming.mspct, and at fixed
current but in combination with different reflectors,
COB_reflectors.mspct.
In addition to the spectra the package provides character vectors of names to
be used as indexes to subset groups of spectra from leds.mspct. In all
cases spectral data are normalized to spectral energy irradiance equal to one
at the wavelength of maximum spectral energy irradiance (strongest emission
peak). In most cases the multiplier used for normalization can be obtained by
quering the object. However, this is useful only in those cases where the
distance from source to entrance optics of the spectrometer and alignment
were recorded.
All LEDs have been measured at room temperature mounted on passive heatsinks and usually driven near their maximum current rating. Precision power supplies or LED drivers were used to drive them at constant current.
The number of different LED types available is enormous, and this collection attempts only to provide examples for some of them. Which types are included is the result of what has been bought for specific uses at my lab or out of curiosity since 1995 to the present. Which brands and LED types are included, should not be interpreted as endorsement of any supplier.
None of the spectral data included in this package are based on supplier's specifications and are only for information. The exact emission spectrum of a LED depends to some extent on testing conditions, but more importantly among individual LED dies. Spectral specifications are usually given by typical and boundary values. Furthermore, most manufacturers classify LEDs of a given type into "bins" with slightly different colour and electrical characteristics. In addition, the performance of LEDs deteriorates with use, with light output decreasing faster if driven with high current or if they overheat as a consequence of insufficient cooling. In other words, the data provided here are not a substitute for actual measurements of radiation emission and spectrum of the LEDs actually used in a given piece of scientific research or other important work. For less demanding situations, such as planning of experiments or testing the sanity of independent measurements, the data are in most cases reliable enough but perfect agreement with measurements on other LEDs of the same exact type should not be expected.
Some of the LEDs were bought from AliExpress sellers while others were sourced from major electronic component distributors like Farnell, RS components, Digi-Key, Mouser, TME, Roithner-Lasertechnik, and Lumitronix/LedRise. In the case of some AliExpress sellers or smaller webstores sometimes the exact type specifications are not available. Some of the Chinese sellers package the LEDs they sell using LED dies (= chips) from major brands and provide this brand name. In very recent times this seems to have expanded in some cases to include high density COB packages. Be aware that in recent times the word COB is being used by AliExpress, Bangood and eBay sellers to describe old-style arrays where the LED chips are not directly attached to a board to maximize thermal conductance. In this package, we use COB in its more restricted meaning and name other packages simply LED array.
Maintainer: Pedro J. Aphalo [email protected] (ORCID)
Other contributors:
Shafiuddin Ahmed [contributor]
Aphalo, Pedro J. (2015) The r4photobiology suite. UV4Plants Bulletin, 2015:1, 21-29. doi:10.19232/uv4pb.2015.1.14.
Useful links:
Report bugs at https://github.com/aphalo/photobiologyLEDs/issues
library(photobiology) names(leds.mspct) led_brands white_leds qe_ratio(leds.mspct$Nichia_NS6L183AT_H1_sw) * 1e6 # umol / J is_normalized(leds.mspct$Nichia_NS6L183AT_H1_sw) cat(comment(leds.mspct$Nichia_NS6L183AT_H1_sw)) when_measured(leds.mspct$Nichia_NS6L183AT_H1_sw) how_measured(leds.mspct$Nichia_NS6L183AT_H1_sw)library(photobiology) names(leds.mspct) led_brands white_leds qe_ratio(leds.mspct$Nichia_NS6L183AT_H1_sw) * 1e6 # umol / J is_normalized(leds.mspct$Nichia_NS6L183AT_H1_sw) cat(comment(leds.mspct$Nichia_NS6L183AT_H1_sw)) when_measured(leds.mspct$Nichia_NS6L183AT_H1_sw) how_measured(leds.mspct$Nichia_NS6L183AT_H1_sw)
A collection of emission spectra of a light-emitting-diode driven at different constant current.
COB_dimming.mspct COB_dimming.tbCOB_dimming.mspct COB_dimming.tb
A "source_mspct" object containing 8
"source_spct" objects.
In each of the member spectra, the variables are as follows:
w.length (nm)
s.e.irrad (W m-2 nm-1)
An object of class tbl_df (inherits from tbl, data.frame) with 8 rows and 6 columns.
The "COB_dimming.mspct" object contains "source_spct"
objects with spectral irradiance data with the same Optisolis COB LED from
Nichia driven at different values of constant current. Distance from LED to
cosine diffuser was 159 mm; a reflector was attached to the LED to make the
light beam narrower. Spectra are not normalized. The position for
the LED with respect to the entrace optics did not vary among measurements.
The COB LED used is the chip-on-board (COB) Optisolis type NFCWL036B-V3-Rfcb0 from Nichia with CRI > 95. Nominal electrical power of 10.3 W at nominal current of 270 mA. So, two spectra are for the COB over-driven, which is possible with enough cooling, but not recommended.
The spectral data are not expressed at constant wavelength intervals. Not
only the intervals vary in the raw data from the array spectrometer, but in
addition function thin_wl has been applied to
reduce the storage space needed. In brief the wavelength interval has been
increased as much as possible in those regions of the spectrum that lack
detailed features (such as linear slopes and wavelength regions with zero
light emission).
Please see the metadata in each spectrum. These metadata are
stored as attributes of the individual source_spct objects and can accessed with functions
comment,
getWhatMeasured,
getWhenMeasured,
getHowMeasured,
getInstrDesc and
getInstrSettings.
See also the comment attribute of the COB_dimming.mspct
object.
https://www.ledil.com/ https://www.nichia.co.jp/en/
library(photobiology) names(COB_dimming.mspct) # photon irradiance in umol m-2 s-1, and relative to maximum q_irrad(COB_dimming.mspct, scale.factor = 1e6) # precomputed values and measured supply current COB_dimming.tblibrary(photobiology) names(COB_dimming.mspct) # photon irradiance in umol m-2 s-1, and relative to maximum q_irrad(COB_dimming.mspct, scale.factor = 1e6) # precomputed values and measured supply current COB_dimming.tb
A collection of emission spectra of a light-emitting-diode when combined with different reflectors.
COB_reflectors.mspctCOB_reflectors.mspct
A "source_mspct" object containing 4
"source_spct" objects.
In each of the member spectra, the variables are as follows:
w.length (nm)
s.e.irrad (W m-2 nm-1)
The "COB_reflectors.mspct" object contains
"source_spct" objects with spectral irradiance data with the same
Optisolis COB LED from Nichia, and different reflectors from the Mirella-G2
series from LEDiL . Distance from LED to cosine diffuser was 159 mm.
Spectra are not normalized. It needs to be taken into account than even in
these cases measurements have not been done in an optical bench, so values
of spectral irradiance are subject to errors due to possible
misalignment.
The COB LED used is the chip-on-board (COB) Optisolis type NFCWL036B-V3-Rfcb0 from Nichia with CRI > 95. Nominal electrical power of 10.3 W at nominal current of 270 mA. Spectra are for the COB over-driven at 350 mA, which is possible with enough cooling, but not recommended.
The spectral data are not expressed at constant wavelength intervals. Not
only the intervals vary in the raw data from the array spectrometer, but in
addition function thin_wl has been applied to
reduce the storage space needed. In brief the wavelength interval has been
increased as much as possible in those regions of the spectrum that lack
detailed features (such as linear slopes and wavelength regions with zero
light emission).
Please see the metadata in each spectrum. These metadata are
stored as attributes of the individual source_spct objects and can accessed with functions
comment,
getWhatMeasured,
getWhenMeasured,
getHowMeasured,
getInstrDesc and
getInstrSettings.
See also the comment attribute of the COB_reflectors.mspct
object.
https://www.ledil.com/ https://www.nichia.co.jp/en/
library(photobiology) names(COB_reflectors.mspct) # calculate photon irradiances in umol m-2 s-2 and relative to no reflector irrads <- q_irrad(COB_reflectors.mspct, scale.factor = 1e6) irrads$Q_Total_rel <- irrads$Q_Total / min(irrads$Q_Total) irradslibrary(photobiology) names(COB_reflectors.mspct) # calculate photon irradiances in umol m-2 s-2 and relative to no reflector irrads <- q_irrad(COB_reflectors.mspct, scale.factor = 1e6) irrads$Q_Total_rel <- irrads$Q_Total / min(irrads$Q_Total) irrads
The collection of spectra leds.mspct contains spectra for light
emitting diodes (LEDs) from several different suppliers. The character
vectors described here contain the names of the spectra for LEDs from each
supplier/brand to facilitate their extraction from the collection. One
additional vector, led_brands contains the names of the brands as used
in the names of the spectra in the collection.
led_brands Agilent_leds HueyJann_leds LedEngin_leds Ledguhon_leds LCFOCUS_leds Marktech_leds CREE_leds Epileds_leds Epistar_leds SeoulSemicon_leds Bridgelux_leds Nichia_leds Norlux_leds Osram_leds QuantumDevices_leds Roithner_leds Weili_leds TaoYuan_leds Luminus_leds Samsung_ledsled_brands Agilent_leds HueyJann_leds LedEngin_leds Ledguhon_leds LCFOCUS_leds Marktech_leds CREE_leds Epileds_leds Epistar_leds SeoulSemicon_leds Bridgelux_leds Nichia_leds Norlux_leds Osram_leds QuantumDevices_leds Roithner_leds Weili_leds TaoYuan_leds Luminus_leds Samsung_leds
A vector of character strings.
An object of class character of length 7.
An object of class character of length 2.
An object of class character of length 15.
An object of class character of length 2.
An object of class character of length 4.
An object of class character of length 1.
An object of class character of length 1.
An object of class character of length 8.
An object of class character of length 1.
An object of class character of length 3.
An object of class character of length 2.
An object of class character of length 9.
An object of class character of length 4.
An object of class character of length 3.
An object of class character of length 4.
An object of class character of length 15.
An object of class character of length 5.
An object of class character of length 1.
An object of class character of length 1.
An object of class character of length 1.
As described for the individual brands, ownership of brands and companies has changed over the years through take-overs, mergers and sales of company divisions. Even when brand names have changed it has been the norm for electronic components that component type codes are maintained unchanged. In contrast to some integrated circuits, exact replacement types from multiple suppliers are not available for LEDs.
The character vector Agilent_leds contains the names of the spectra to
facilitate their extraction from the collection.The division of Hewlett
Packard which supplied these LEDs became part of Agilent when this division
spin-off the mother company. More recently the electronic components division
of Agilent became Avago Technologies for a while. Currently, BROADCOM
supplies some of these LEDs or similar improved types.
Huey Jann was a Taiwanese supplier of high power LED arrays. It is no longer in business.
Led Engin was an independent supplier of power LEDs in low thermal resistance ceramic substrate packages. It is now part of Osram.
These LEDs where bought from AliExpress. They are assembled using Bridgelux chips by Guangzhou Juhong Optoelectronics Co., Ltd., China.
These LEDs where bought from LCFOCUS official store at AliExpress. They are assembled LCFOCUS TECH, Shenzhen China.
Marktech Optoelectronics is a distributor and supplier of LEDs from the U.S.A. that sells VIS and UV emitting LEDs.
The former LED products group of Cree is now Cree LED (U.S.A.) and a part of SGH.
EPI LEDS Co., Ltd. (Taiwan) is devoted to the R & D, design, manufacture and sales of blue, green, red, and white light LED wafers and chips.
EPISTAR Corporation (Taiwan).
Seoul Semiconductor (Korea) supplies LEDs, including SunLike white LEDs using 'phosphor' technology from Toshiba (Japan). Seoul Viosys supplies UV LEDs based on an agreement with SETi (U.S.A.).
Bridgelux, Inc. (U.S.A.) is a supplier of LEDs partnering with Epistar and Kaistar for the manufacture of their LEDs.
With 24 in the world and inventor of the blue (and also white) light emitting diodes. The company was already an important supplier of 'phosphors' before the invention of the white LEDs based on blue-emitting LED chips.
Some of the Nichia LEDs we measured were assembled into arrays of the series names SmartArray and LinearZ from LUMITRONIX (Germany), and/or supplied by LEDRISE Ltd. (Hong Kong, Germany and Romania) .
Norlux is now part of Thomas Research Products. The LEDs we measured are some of the earliest COB designs from early 1990's. Each COB containing 90 LED chips. (Norlux is no longer in bussiness.)
ams-OSRAM International GmbH (Germany) produces LEDS and various light and other sensors. Current trade name for LEDs is Osram Opto Semiconductors. Osram has recently become owner of Led Engin, whose LEDs are listed separately in this pacakge. LEDs supplied under the LED Engin brand differ mostly in the packages' thermal properties and contact layout.
Quantum Devices (U.S.A.) sold in the past both individual LEDs and luminaires. They were in the late 1980's and early 1990's the supplier of choice for LEDs emitting in the far-red region of the spectrum. The company still exists but no longer sells LEDs.
Roithner LaserTechnik is a distributor and reseller of LEDs, LED arrays and lasers. They have a very extensive catalogue covering almost all wavelengths for which LEDs are manufactured. Many of the LEDs are sold under new codes as they are retested and in some cases individual characterization data provided. For example some of short UV LEDs sold are from SETi.
Leds Global and Shenzhen Weili are trade names of the same supplier of LEDs and LED arrays. They sell both standard types and also assemble customized arrays upon request. Customized arrays may have up to twelve independent channels and vary in power output from 10 W to 300 W.
TaoYuan Electron (Hong Kong and China) is a supplier of LEDs and LED arrays.
Luminus Devices (USA) is a supplier of SMD LEDs and COB LEDs as components.
Samsung LEDs (South Korea) is a supplier of SMD LEDs and COB LEDs as components.
https://www.broadcom.com/products/leds-and-displays/
https://www.osram.us/ledengin/
https://www.epileds.com.tw/en/
http://www.seoulsemicon.com/en/
https://www.nichia.co.jp/en/product/led.html
https://www.roithner-laser.com/ and http://www.s-et.com/en/
led_brands Agilent_ledsled_brands Agilent_leds
Names of members of the collection of emission spectra
leds.mspct grouped by the wavelength ranges or colors
at which they predominantly emit energy.
led_colors uv_leds purple_leds ir_leds blue_leds green_leds yellow_leds orange_leds red_leds amber_leds white_leds multi_channel_leds single_channel_ledsled_colors uv_leds purple_leds ir_leds blue_leds green_leds yellow_leds orange_leds red_leds amber_leds white_leds multi_channel_leds single_channel_leds
A vector of character strings.
An object of class character of length 17.
An object of class character of length 8.
An object of class character of length 6.
An object of class character of length 11.
An object of class character of length 8.
An object of class character of length 0.
An object of class character of length 4.
An object of class character of length 11.
An object of class character of length 4.
An object of class character of length 19.
An object of class character of length 10.
An object of class character of length 80.
The character vectors "uv_leds", "purple_leds",
"blue_leds", "green_leds", "yellow_leds",
"orange_leds" and "red_leds" contain the names of the members
of leds.mspct with peaks of emission within the wavelength range
corresponding to the light colours as defined by ISO standards. Vector
amber_leds is the union of "yellow_leds" and
"orange_leds". Vector white_leds contains the names of spectra
for LEDs with broad or multiple peaks of emission in the visible range.
Vectors "uv_leds" and "ir_leds" contain the names for LEDs with
peak emission at wavelengths < 400 nm and wavelengths > 700 nm, respectively.
Vector "multi_channel_leds" contains names of spectra for LED arrays
that contain LED chips of more than one colour grouped into channels that can
be powered, and thus controlled, independently.
These vectors can be used to extract subsets of spectra from
leds.mspct.
leds.mspct,
VIS_bands,
UV_bands.
uv_leds blue_leds red_leds white_leds multi_channel_leds # select LEDs emitting in the amber (yellow to orange) region leds.mspct[amber_leds]uv_leds blue_leds red_leds white_leds multi_channel_leds # select LEDs emitting in the amber (yellow to orange) region leds.mspct[amber_leds]
The collection of spectra leds.mspct contains spectra for light
emitting diodes (LEDs) designed for specific uses as well as for general
illumination. The character
vectors described here contain the names of the spectra for LEDs sold for
specific uses to facilitate their extraction from the collection. One
additional vector, led_use contains the wording of uses as
in the names of the spectra in the collection.
led_uses plant_grow_leds high_CRI_ledsled_uses plant_grow_leds high_CRI_leds
A vector of character strings.
An object of class character of length 7.
An object of class character of length 9.
Most LEDs can be useful in different situations individually or in combination with other types. The lists are thus not exclusive but rather indicate a typical use.
The character vector plant_grow_leds contains the names of the spectra
to facilitate their extraction from the collection. This includes LEDs
designed to be the only light sources as well as LEDs designed to be used
together with other LEDs to assemble luminaires used for plant cultivation,
either as only light source or to supplement natural light.
The character vector high_CRI_leds contains the names of the spectra
to facilitate their extraction from the collection. This includes white LEDs
with a high color reproduction index (CRI > 95) as computed from the actual
measured spectra. Nowadays some of these types of LEDs are not only
advertised as good from illumination in museums, exhibitions and as light
sources for video and photography, but also as less stressful to human vision
and in some cases as good for the entraining of the human circadian clock. In
practice this means an emission spectrum covering most of visible light with
only minor peaks and valleys.
led_uses plant_grow_ledsled_uses plant_grow_leds
A collection of emission spectra of light-emitting-diodes from different suppliers.
leds.mspct led_arrays.mspctleds.mspct led_arrays.mspct
A "source_mspct" object containing 74
"source_spct" objects.
In each of the member spectra, the variables are as follows:
w.length (nm)
s.e.irrad (W m-2 nm-1)
An object of class source_mspct (inherits from generic_mspct, list) with 3 rows and 1 columns.
The leds.mspct and led_arrays.mspct objects contain
"source_spct" objects with spectral irradiance data, for single
channel and multichannel LEDs, respectively. As the exact distance from LED
to cosine diffuser and/or the driving current vary among spectra for
different LEDs, members of leds.mspct have been all normalized to
the wavelength of maximum spectral energy irradiance. In contrast, spectra
in led_arrays.mspct have not been normalised as comparisons among
channels of each array are meaningful, even if approximate.
When the details of the measurement conditions are know, these are stored as metadata attributes. In any case, it needs to be taken into account than even in these cases measurements have not been done in an optical bench, so values of spectral irradiance are subject to errors due to possible misalignment. The shape of the spectra, in contrast can be relied upon as measurements were done with well calibrated instruments.
The output of LEDs at a given current decreases as their temperature increases. The wavelength at the peak of emission can depend on the temperature and current, but shifts tend to be only a couple of nanometres. In LED arrays with heterogeneous LED chips or white LEDs based on secondary emission from phosphor the shape of the spectrum can slightly change depending on the drive current and temperature.
There is variation among LEDs of the same type, specially with respect wavelength and light output. The data included are for individual LEDs and can be expected to differ to some extent from the typical values in the manufacturers specifications. Some of the LEDs for which data are included are only of historical interest as their production has been discontinued, usually replaced by new types with enhanced performance. When known, the approximate "vintage" is provided in the metadata.
Some LEDs are "generic" ones which lacked detailed data sheets at the time of purchase, or even lacked a manufacturer's type denomination code. For them, the metadata is necessarily less detailed.
The spectral data are not expressed at constant wavelength intervals. Not
only the intervals vary in the raw data from the array spectrometer, but in
addition function thin_wl has been applied to
reduce the storage space needed. In brief the wavelength interval has been
increased as much as possible in those regions of the spectrum that lack
detailed features (such as linear slopes and wavelength regions with zero
light emission). The algorithm used preserved the location and height of
significant energy emission peaks, i.e., the global peak and clear local
peaks.
Please see the help page for led_brands for LED
suppliers' contact information.
Please see the metadata in each spectrum for other information.
These metadata are
stored as attributes of the individual source_spct objects and can
accessed with functions
comment,
getWhatMeasured,
getWhenMeasured and
getHowMeasured.
Many of the spectra also contain information on the measurement procedure accessible with
getInstrDesc and
getInstrSettings.
library(photobiology) names(leds.mspct) names(led_arrays.mspct) leds.mspct$Nichia_NS6L183AT_H1_sw cat(getWhatMeasured(leds.mspct$Nichia_NS6L183AT_H1_sw)) peaks(leds.mspct$Nichia_NS6L183AT_H1_sw, span = 100) wl_range(leds.mspct$Nichia_NS6L183AT_H1_sw) wl_stepsize(leds.mspct$Nichia_NS6L183AT_H1_sw) intersect(LedEngin_leds, blue_leds) leds.mspct[intersect(LedEngin_leds, blue_leds)]library(photobiology) names(leds.mspct) names(led_arrays.mspct) leds.mspct$Nichia_NS6L183AT_H1_sw cat(getWhatMeasured(leds.mspct$Nichia_NS6L183AT_H1_sw)) peaks(leds.mspct$Nichia_NS6L183AT_H1_sw, span = 100) wl_range(leds.mspct$Nichia_NS6L183AT_H1_sw) wl_stepsize(leds.mspct$Nichia_NS6L183AT_H1_sw) intersect(LedEngin_leds, blue_leds) leds.mspct[intersect(LedEngin_leds, blue_leds)]